Feasibility Study for Establishing the Maragheh Geological Region as a UNESCO Global Geopark: Emphasis on the Fossil Geosite, Geological Heritage, and Sustainable Tourism Development

Geoparks, as areas with unique geological features, play a significant role in the conservation of natural heritage, the promotion of environmental education, raising public awareness, and the development of sustainable tourism. UNESCO, by formulating international standards and criteria, has provided a framework for the identification, protection, and responsible utilization of these areas. Countries with high geological and geomorphological diversity possess considerable potential for the designation of UNESCO Global Geoparks. Iran, with its complex tectonic setting, climatic diversity, and rich geological phenomena, is considered one of the promising regions in this regard. Located in the northwest of the country, the Maragheh Plain, with its unique paleontological features, diverse volcanic structures, and outstanding geomorphological landscapes, holds a strong potential for becoming a UNESCO Global Geopark. The main objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the geological capabilities, sustainable tourism potential, and the degree of conformity of the Maragheh Plain with the criteria of successful international geoparks. The research method is based on an analytical and comparative approach, focusing on the identification and examination of the requirements and challenges involved in the official designation of this region. The findings of this study can serve as a scientific foundation for policymakers and stakeholders in the fields of natural heritage conservation and sustainable tourism development in the Maragheh Plain and similar regions of Iran.